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Crisp golden rolled dosa on a seasoned cast iron pan with a brass spatula
Golden Crispy Dosa – Straight from the Tawa


Mastering the Art of Dosa – A South Indian Classic from Batter to Tawa

    If there’s one dish that defines South Indian breakfast, it’s the humble yet glorious dosa. Crisp at the edges, soft at the centre, and made with a beautifully fermented rice-lentil batter, dosa is comfort food redefined. Whether you love it plain, stuffed, or paper-thin, mastering the art of making dosa at home is easier than you think. In this post, I’ll walk you through everything — from choosing the right grinder and dosa tawa to perfecting the batter consistency and fermentation time. Plus, tips to make your dosa crispy, golden, and restaurant-style — right from your home kitchen.


A Classic, Comforting Staple That Never Goes Out of Fashion

    There’s always been a post simmering in the back of my mind — dedicated purely to Dosai, the humble hero of our South Indian kitchen. Simple yet soulful, Dosa is not just food, it’s a feeling. A comfort plate. A weeknight saviour. A Sunday ritual. A tiffin-box memory. A dosa makes itself at home equally on a breakfast table, a weeknight dinner plate, or even as a 4 PM hunger hack.

    Whether it's the Murugal Dosai (crisp roast dosa) you love or the Sada Dosai from your childhood — thick, white, and soft — this dish has stood the test of time and tawa - our own Dosai Kal.


*Did you know?
In many South Indian households, Idli-Dosa batter is the first thing made when setting up a new kitchen. It’s believed that the fermentation marks the start of a thriving home, full of warmth and food.


Why You’ll Love This Dosa Recipe

  • Tried and tested, home-style South Indian dosa batter recipe
  • Tips to get that golden crisp edge – even without a restaurant-style tawa
  • Naturally gluten-free, vegan, and nourishing
  • Suitable for breakfast, dinner, or even lunchbox
  • Includes fermentation tips for humid/rainy or cold climatic regions.

 

Growing Up on Dosa – A Slice of My Story

    Growing up in a typical South Indian household, Dosa wasn't just another dish — it was a dependable part of life. Alongside Idli, it was an unavoidable presence on our weekly menu. You’d always find a dabba (box) of Idli-Dosa batter resting in the fridge, like a quiet warrior — ready to save the day when you had no clue what to cook.

Soft white Sada Dosai cooked on a cast iron pan, traditional homemade style

Sada Dosai – The Soft, Soulful Classic from Home Kitchens

    At home, the Sada Dosai was the norm — slightly thick, soft and white, often made in small cast iron griddles. The kind you fold with coconut chutney and eat off a banana leaf at a temple feast. My Mum would make dosas for breakfast or dinner, and sometimes I’d beg her to pack them for my school lunchbox. She’d resist, saying, “It’ll go dry by lunch.” But I loved those kanju pona dosas (dried-out, slightly chewy dosas) with chutney or leftover sambar — a personal favourite even now!

 

From Sada to Crispy – Dosa’s Evolution

    The crispy restaurant-style dosa, with its lacy, golden finish and paper-thin elegance, wasn’t always the norm at home. But thanks to the restaurant boom and the arrival of non-stick dosa pans, home cooks began recreating that beloved Murugal Dosai (crispy roast dosa) with flair. We started fine-tuning our batter, adjusting the grind, letting it ferment just so — all in pursuit of that perfect, golden crispy Dosas.


*Did you know?
The word “Dosai” (Tamil: தோசை) is said to have appeared in ancient Sangam literature. The method of fermentation used in dosa batter has Ayurvedic roots, known to boost gut health and improve nutrient absorption.

 

Back to the Dosa Recipe – South India’s Favourite Tiffin Staple

    Let’s dive right into the recipe — because let’s be honest, South Indian cuisine is incomplete without Dosa. Among the endless parade of tiffin options — from Idlis to Upmas — Dosa stands tall, golden, and proud.

A staple breakfast item and an eternal comfort food, dosa ticks every box:

  • Tasty 
  • Healthy
  • Easily Digestible
  • Budget-Friendly

    In fact, most South Indian homes wake up to the soothing sizzle of dosa or idli batter meeting a hot tawa. But don’t be fooled by its simplicity — perfecting dosa is an art passed down across generations. It may need just a handful of ingredients, but that perfect texture — be it soft and spongy or thin and crisp — takes a little intuition, a little technique, and a bit of experience!

Making Perfect Dosa: It’s All in the Details

Anyone who’s flipped a dosa (or wrestled with a sticking one) knows this:

                It’s not hard, but it’s not a left-hands play either.

    Get your proportions right, and let that batter ferment like a dream — you’re already halfway there. But then comes the griddle test — where heat, timing, and spreading technique make all the difference.

Checklist: What Makes a Perfect Dosa?

Here’s your go-to guide for dosa mastery:

  • Correct Rice–Urad Dal Ratio
  • Right Type of Rice & Dal (Parboiled rice, whole white urad for best results)
  • Proper Soaking Time – 4–5 hours or overnight
  • Adequate Water During Grinding
  • Smooth Batter Consistency – Not too thick, not too runny
  • Well-Mixed Batter Before Fermenting & Cooking
  • Salt Addition – After Grinding but Before Fermenting
  • Good Fermentation – 8–10 hours (adjust as per weather)
  • Perfect Tawa Heat + Spreading Skill – The final magic!

 

More Dosa, More Delight! Love experimenting different types of dosas? Discover creative twists — from Vazhaipoo Dosa to Ilaneer Dosa, Rava Dosa to Wheat Dosa.  Click here to explore all Dosa Varieties!


Dosa Recipe Overview

  • Cuisine: South Indian
  • Course: Main Course
  • Difficulty: Medium
  • Author: SM @ Essence of Life - Food

Time Estimate

  • Prep Time: 15–20 minutes
  • Soaking Time: 4–5 hours / Overnight
  • Fermentation Time: 8–10 hours / Overnight
  • Cooking Time: 10–15 minutes
 

Craving More Tiffin Inspiration? From soft idlis to crispy vadas and everything in between — explore more South Indian Tiffin Favourites that bring comfort to every plate.  Click here for more Tiffin Varieties.


The Ultimate Guide to Making Perfect Dosas at Home – Soft, Crispy & Everything In Between

Golden and crispy South Indian dosa rolled and placed on a brass spatula.

Classic South Indian Dosa

 

    Discover how to make the iconic South Indian dosa in all its forms — from soft Sada Dosas to lacy Paper Roasts — using a traditional batter that’s full of flavour, history, and clever kitchen hacks.

 

From Soft Dosas to Paper Roasts – A Legacy in Layers

    Growing up, I watched dosa evolve right before my eyes — from the soft, small homemade dosas lovingly flipped on our cast iron pan, to the paper-thin, crispy Murugal Dosas my mum perfected for my brother. She had this brilliant hack: scraping out a thin layer of semi-cooked batter just to make his dosas thinner and crispier — a technique that still works like a charm for restaurant-style paper roasts.

    So here’s the deal: whether you want soft, pillowy dosas or ultra-crispy golden ones — it’s all about how you cook it. The same dosa batter can yield both, if you master the spread, heat, and cooking time. That’s the beauty of it.

ProTip: Want your dosa to be wafer-thin? Try scraping out excess batter once half-cooked for that crisp finish.

 

Ingredients 

For Dosa Batter

  • 13/4 cups of Idli Rice (Par-boiled Rice)
  • 13/4 cups of Raw Rice 
  • 1 cup of Urad Dal
  • 1/2 cup of Flattened Rice (Aval/ Poha)
  • 1 tablespoon of Fenugreek Seeds
  • 2 tablespoons of Tuvar Dal (optional) 
  • 1 small piece (1/2 an inch) of Ginger (optional)
  • Salt – to taste


Pro Tip: Adding Ginger while grinding your dosa batter. It not only lends a subtle, warming aroma but also helps ease digestion — especially when using urad dal. And ginger even support better fermentation by encouraging healthy microbial activity. 

 

For making Dosa

  • Oil/Ghee - For Dosa


Method: Step-by-Step Dosa Batter Preparation

Washing & Soaking:

  • Rinse all the ingredients (except Aval/Poha, Salt and Ginger) 3–4 times under running water until the water runs clear.
  • Soak everything together in enough water for 6–8 hours or overnight.
  • Soak the Flattened Rice (Aval/Poha) just 10 minutes before grinding the batter. 


Pro Tip: Flattened Rice (Aval/Poha) doesn’t need to be soak for.long — a quick soak is enough to soften it and blend smoothly into the batter.  No Aval (flattened rice) at home? You can use the same amount of cooked rice instead. 


Grinding the Batter:

  • Drain the soaked ingredients.
  • Grind in a wet grinder or a mixer grinder (in batches) until smooth.
  • Add the ginger while grinding.
  • Use cold or ice water for grinding in a mixer to prevent heat build-up.
  • You’ll need around 2–3 cups of water, depending on your equipment.

No Wet Grinder? No Problem!
This Idli-Dosa Batter recipe works beautifully in a regular Indian mixie (mixer-grinder). Whether you're in a hostel, flat, or abroad without a traditional grinder — this method still gives you soft, fluffy idlis and crispy, golden dosas every time. Click here for the Idli Dosa Batter Recipe using a Blender/Mixie.

 

Mixing & Fermenting:

  • Transfer the ground batter to a large bowl.
  • Add salt and mix thoroughly using your hand – this helps activate fermentation.
  • Optionally, mix in the thawed old batter at this stage.
  • Cover and leave the batter to ferment in a warm place for 8–10 hours or overnight.

Fermentation Hack

    I have lived in Malaysia for years now, and fermentation has always been tricky. So here’s my kitchen fix — I freeze about 1/2 a cup of old fermented dosa batter, thaw it on the day I grind a new batch, and mix it into the fresh batter. Works like a charm to kickstart fermentation.

ProTip: Old batter contains active cultures that accelerate the fermentation process. Think of it as your dosa sourdough starter!


How to Make the Perfect Dosa – Three Styles

Soft white Sada Dosai cooked on a cast iron pan, traditional homemade style

For Soft Dosai (Sada Dosai):

  • Heat the dosa griddle well, then reduce to low flame.
  • Lightly grease with oil.
  • Pour a ladle of batter and spread it gently – keep it thick.
  • Cover and cook on low flame till soft and cooked.
  • Optionally flip once for even cooking.
  • Remove when done.

Note: Cooking on low flame keeps the dosa soft and white. If you prefer light golden colour, let it stay a bit longer uncovered.



Crispy Murugal Dosai with golden lacy edges
 

For Crispy Dosa (Murugal Dosai):

  • Heat the pan on high, then lower to medium.
  • Grease well using oil and an onion slice or cloth.
  • Pour batter and spread evenly in a circle.
  • Cook on medium flame until golden and crisp.
  • No need to flip. Roll it and serve!
 

ProTip: Adding ghee/oil at the edges gives that extra restaurant-style crunch.



Crisp golden paper dosai rolled tight, with delicate inner layers clearly visible

 

For Paper Roast (Paper Dosai)

  • Follow same process as crispy dosa.
  • When half cooked, scrape off excess batter using dosa ladle to make it super thin.
  • Cook on medium heat till very crisp.
  • Serve as is, no flipping required.
 

Note: This scraping technique was my Amma’s trick to keep my brother happy with restaurant-style crispness!

 

 

Pro Tips & Notes

  • Always use Idli rice + Raw rice combo for balanced texture.
  • Addition of Aval or cooked rice - helps with fermentation and gives you crispy dosas with the right balance — without compromising on that golden crunch! 
  • Use a dedicated dosa pan – either non-stick or cast iron or a traditional bronze.
  • Mix batter thoroughly each time before pouring.
  • Cold weather? Leave batter near the oven light or wrapped in a towel.
  • Don’t add salt while grinding – it can slow down fermentation.

 

Storing Dosa Batter

  • Refrigerate once fermented.
  • Keeps well for 3–4 days.
  • Bring to room temperature before use.
  • Adjust water to get desired consistency.

 

Serving Suggestions

Dosa isn’t complete without its loyal companions:

  • Coconut Chutney
  • Sambar
  • Onion Chutneys
  • Kuruma
  • Vengaya Kosu
  • Tomato Chutneys 

Want to try more chutneys for your dosa platter? [Click here for Chutney Recipes]

 

Feeling indulgent? Dosas also go brilliantly with hearty South Indian curries — both vegetarian and non-vegetarian:

  • Kongu Style Mutton Kuzhambu or Nadan Mutton Curry
  • Chettinad Chicken Kuzhambu or Nattu Kozhi Kuzhambu
  • Chettinad Fish Curry or a Tangy Fish Curry

 


 

Variations You Can Make With the Same Batter

Soft Kal Dosai served with curry
Kal Dosai
Masala Dosa with potato filling on banana leaf
Masala Dosai
Tomato Dosa – Bright red and spicy
Tomato Dosai/Thakkali Dosai
Kari Dosai with minced meat filling
Madurai Kari Dosai
Crispy golden Podi Dosai
Podi Dosai
Crispy golden Paniyaram served hot
Paniyaram
  • Masala Dosai
  • Kari Dosai (Minced Meat Dosai)
  • Tomato Dosai
  • Mutta Dosai/Egg Dosai
  • Podi Dosai
  • Uthappam
  • Kal Dosai
  • Paniyaram

Looking for a Idli Dosa Batter that works with just a blender (mixer-grinder)? [Click here – I’ve got you covered!]

 

FAQs

Q: Why are my dosas not golden? 

  • Could be not enough fenugreek seeds in the batter. Fenugreek helps yield that lovely golden hue.

Q: Can I use the same batter for idlis? 

  • Yes! Usually, the freshly fermented batter is ideal for idlis. If you're planning idlis, grind the batter a little thicker.

Q: Why are my dosas not thin and crispy? 

  • The batter may be too thick or under-fermented. Adjust water to thin the batter and let it ferment properly.

Q: My batter didn’t ferment well – what can I do? 

  • Allow it to ferment in room temperature for few more hours or make uthappams with it! Slightly thick, soft dosas topped with onions or veggies work beautifully.

Q: My dosa sticks to the pan – what am I doing wrong? 

  • Could be low heat, unseasoned pan, or wrong batter consistency. See my pan rescue tips below!

My 25-Year-Old Non-Stick Dosai Kal – Convex, Loyal & Completely Mine

My 25 year old Non-stick Dosa Pan, seasoned and well used for years

     Let me share a little slice of my kitchen legacy — I’ve been using the same non-stick dosai kal since May 2000. That’s right — she’s 25, and in my eyes, she’s ageing like cast iron. Strictly reserved for dosai — nothing else touches her surface, nothing whatsoever.     

    Now here’s the twist: thanks to the super high-flame wok suitable burners we have in Malaysia, my dosai kal has developed a gentle convex curve right at the centre. It's bowed ever so slightly, like a proud old soldier. My Amma can’t believe I still use it.  She once looked at it, eyebrows raised, and said, “How on earth do you manage to pour dosai on this? Won’t the batter just run off the sides?”   I laughed and replied, “Maybe for others. But this one listens to me.”

 

Bronze Dosa Pan, a tradtional South Indian dosa making utensil     

    Because truly — my dosai kal may be domed, scratched in memory, and heat-kissed over decades, but to me, she’s an obedient confidant. She understands the swirl of my hand, the rhythm of my ladle. When it’s just me and her in the kitchen, making dosai — it feels effortless.

    Even my daughter walks carefully around it. She's the only other person allowed to flip dosais on it — though even she admits, “I’m not sure if you’re more excited that I’m cooking… or silently panicking inside.”

 And yes — I now own a shiny new bronze dosai kal, beautifully seasoned and all that. But this one? This one is legacy.




How I Grease My Dosa Pan – Not Just a Step, It’s a Ritual

Before pouring that first ladle of batter, the pan needs to be just right — and so does the oiling.

Here’s what I do:

    I slice off the top of a big onion, stick a small fork tightly into it, and swirl it around the hot pan with a few drops of oil. Trust me, this isn’t just my quirk — most Indian kitchens swear by this time-tested trick. The onion adds a slight caramelised touch and ensures the oil is spread evenly.

ProTip: Onion not only spreads the oil well but also helps season the pan, making dosas less likely to stick.

Of course, you’ll find other methods too:

  • Some use a small potli (cloth bundle) dipped in oil. I personally feel it's not the most hygienic — especially if it’s reused and left unwashed.
  • My grandmother’s technique (and what I saw in roadside dosa stalls in the '80s) involved using the rib of a banana leaf, slit open to expose the pith inside. With a drizzle of oil, she'd gracefully swirl it across the griddle. It had a certain old-world charm and a wonderful aroma.
  • And then there’s the cringe-inducing one: the coconut broomstick. Yes, the very same brooms we use to sweep the verandah or wash bathrooms in olden days. Some roadside shacks still use it to grease the pan — bless their efficiency, but no, thanks! Charming? Maybe. Hygienic? You decide!

Tradition Talk: These hacks may look rustic, but they’ve seasoned generations of dosa pans before fancy oil brushes ever existed.


Crisp golden paper dosai rolled tight, with delicate inner layers clearly visible

Paper Dosai – Crispy, Wafer-Thin, Rolled & Golden to Perfection

Bonus Dosa Pro Tip – When the Pan Gets Too Hot!

    Ever find it hard to spread your dosa batter evenly? Or your dosa browns too fast without crisping? Chances are, your pan is too hot.

Here’s a trick that’s as old as dosa kal itself:

After oiling the pan, if it’s overheated, just sprinkle a handful of room temperature water over it. You’ll hear a quick sizzle — wipe it off immediately using the same onion-on-fork or banana rib you used to grease the pan.

It not only cools the pan instantly, but also evens out the surface temperature — giving you that golden hue and perfect texture.

ProTip: This step is especially helpful if you're making batches back-to-back. It resets the pan and keeps each dosa consistent.


Golden crisp masala dosa filled with potato masala, served hot with chutney

Authentic Masala Dosa - Crisp Outside Spiced within

 

Dosa Chronicles

    And just like that, a ladle of batter becomes a memory — of Amma’s hands, morning aromas, the sizzle of a well-worn tawa, and quiet breakfasts before the world wakes up.

    Dosa isn’t just food — it’s a rhythm we grew up with, a quite constant through the noise of life. Whether it’s made in a slow, sunlit kitchen or amidst the clang of a busy morning flat, its comfort never wavers. If this post brought back a slice of your own story, I hope you’ll carry it forward — in your kitchen, in your conversations, maybe even in your own pan that ages lovingly over the years.

  • Dive into more Dosa Varieties - from Quick-fix ones to the most traditional ones.
  • Pair your dosa with that perfect chutney or curry of your choice.
  • Or just come back here when you need a little culinary comfort.

Let’s keep the Dosa swirling, one memory at a time.

 

Crispily fried Unakka Manthal (dried sole fish) served with onion and green chilli salad on a black plate.

Crispy Unakka Manthal Fry|Dried Sole Fish Fry – Crunchy & Spicy!


Unakka Manthal Varuthathu – Dried Sole Fish Fry

    Few dishes bring as much nostalgia to my plate as Unakka Manthal Varuthathu—a crispy, flavour-packed Dried Sole Fish Fry. More than just a dish, this is a journey down memory lane. Every trip to Palakkad is incomplete without bringing back a pack of Unakka Nangu or Unakka Manthal, making it an inseparable part of my travel memories.

A Nostalgic Bite

    My love for dried fish goes back further than I can remember. It has been one of my absolute favourites since childhood. Holidays at my mother’s home meant a visit to the Kongad Chanda—a bustling shandy market in Kongad, open only on Mondays. My grandfather would carry a big vatti (basket) to the market and return with loads of groceries, fresh vegetables, and, without fail, two special items—A pack of dried fish wrapped in newspaper, securely tied with jute rope.  A few Ari Murukku, tied like a garland, ready to be devoured.

    The moment he returned, we kids were treated to crunchy Murukkus, while my grandmother got busy frying Unakka Nangu. A crispy piece of Unakka Manthal with steaming rice? Heaven!

Love It or Hate It – The Unakka Meen Debate

    Of course, dried fish isn’t for everyone...  Dried fish, or Unakka Meen in Malayalam (Karuvadu in Tamil), is a delicacy that divides opinions. While some people adore its bold umami flavours, others find its pungent aroma overpowering. But for those who love it, the experience is unmatched!

    I’m the only one in my household who eats dried fish, which often gets me the classic "Kazhuthaikku Theriyuma Karuvattu Vasanai?" (Can a donkey appreciate the aroma of dried fish?) remarks! But honestly, What a Karuvad! If you know, you know!

 

Love flavour-packed dried fish curries? Try this Karuvaatu Kuzhambu/Dry Fish Curry Recipe for an authentic Tamilnadu Village style preparation.

 


Close-up of crispy fried Unakka Manthal (dried sole fish) with a side of onion and green chilli salad.

Unakka Manthal Varuthathu – A Spicy & Crispy Dried Sole Fish Fry

Authentic Kerala-Style Unakka Manthal Fry

    Dried and salted fish have an incredible variety of recipes across cultures, but my version is deeply rooted in my family’s cooking traditions and a bit of Tamil and Malaysian influences.

My mother’s recipe keeps it simple and traditional— 

  • Red Chilli Powder & Turmeric for spice. 
  • Coconut Oil for that authentic Kerala touch. 
  • Crisp frying for the perfect texture.

    My mother-in-law, on the other hand, prepares it differently—served with a spicy shallot-green chilli-tamarind chutney (Ulli Chathachathu). But that’s a recipe for another time!

 

Love flavourful Fish Recipes? Explore a wide range of Fish Recipes here...

 

Dried Sole Fish Fry - Recipe Details:

  • Cuisine: Kerala (India)
  • Recipe Type: Side Dish
  • Difficulty: Easy
  • Serves: 3-4
  • Author: SM

Time Estimate:

  • Preparation Time: 15–25 minutes
  • Soaking Time: 20–30 minutes
  • Cooking Time: 15–20 minutes

     

    Craving more seafood delights? Explore an Ultimate Seafood Recipes Collection here!

     

Crispy & Spicy Dried Sole Fish Fry (Kerala Unakka Manthal Varuthathu) Recipe

Spicy Unakka Manthal Fry with Ulli mulagu Chathachathu on the side.

Perfectly Fried Unakka Manthal – Authentic Coastal Flavours!

Ingredients:

  • Unakka Manthal / Dried Sole Fish – 10-12 small fish
  • Turmeric Powder – 1/2 teaspoon
  • Red Chilli Powder – 1 tablespoon
  • Salt – To taste (optional)
  • Coconut Oil – For frying

 

Step-by-Step Method:

Cleaning the Fish:

  • Rinse the dried fish thoroughly to remove surface salt and debris.
  • Soak in ample water for 20–30 minutes to soften the fish and further reduce saltiness.
  • Once soaked, gently snap off the head and peel off the skin from both sides.
  • Rinse again. If the fish is large, cut it into 2–3 pieces; otherwise, use whole.

Marination:

  • Sprinkle Turmeric Powder & Red Chilli Powder over the cleaned fish.
  • Mix well, ensuring each piece is well coated.
  • Let it sit for 15–20 minutes for the flavours to absorb.

Frying:

  • Heat Coconut Oil in a pan on medium-low heat.
  • Shallow fry the marinated fish until it turns crisp and golden brown on both sides.
  • Remove and place on a paper towel to absorb excess oil.

Serving Suggestions:

  • Serve hot as a starter/appetiser, best enjoyed with a pot of Kallu (Toddy) for pure bliss!
  • Pairs perfectly with Kanji or Pazhangkanji or Paal Kanji for a comforting meal.
  • Enjoy alongside a spicy Chammanthi or a simple Coconut-based Curry.


    Pair your favourite drink with these rustic Kallu Shappu Delicacies! Check Out the Recipes here...

     


Pro Tips & Notes:

  • Choice of Oil: While Coconut Oil gives the best traditional flavour, you can use any vegetable oil.
  • Adjust Spices: Feel free to modify the Red Chilli Powder as per your spice tolerance.
  • Salt: Dried fish is naturally high in salt, so adjust accordingly.
  • Soaking Tip: Soaking helps reduce the excess saltiness and rehydrates the fish.
  • Easy Skin Removal:Sole Fish (Manthal), whether fresh or dried, has a skin that peels off easily—so make sure to do this step for a better texture.
  • Versatility: This same recipe works well for any other Dried Fish / Unakka Meen / Karuvadu.

    If you love bold flavours and crispy seafood, and especially dried fish, then this Unakka Manthal Fry is an absolute must-try! It’s nostalgic, delicious, and pairs beautifully with simple meals. Are you a fan of dried fish? How do you prepare yours? Drop a comment—I’d love to know!


SALT
SALT


    Let's talk about Salt - Sodium Chloride - NaCl - in our language we call it Uppu, Namak etc., It is all how I know a SALT.  The humble white coloured powder/crystal which I have used day-in day our - all my life.
    - it is a "Super-ingredient" which should always be in a Pantry
 
    I would like to write about the inevitable, unavoidable and a must-have ingredient in every pantry in terms of my thoughts, memory and favourite quotes I loved...

 "A lover's tiff is like salt to food. 
  An excess of it is not good."

    I have always wondered how humans got to know about different types of tastes.  The wonder of a tongue is indeed prodigious.  The brilliance of a human mind to identify an ingredient and then its taste and use it in such a way to enhance food has always kept me in awe since my childhood days.  The idea, how a human might have eaten food without salt or spice, still intrigues me.

    Humans might have recognised the tastes from naturally grown fruits and vegetables, and then how was salt found?  In terms of Salt, History could be written as - animals wore paths to salt licks; men followed; trails became roads, and settlements grew beside them. And in due course, when the human menu shifted from salt-rich to cereals, more salt was needed to supplement the diet. Salt deep inside the earth (underground deposits) were beyond reach, and the sprinkle of salt deposits over the surface was insufficient. Scarcity made the mineral PRECIOUS. 

    World History states that Salt is one of the first international commodities of trade. The production of Salt should have been one of the first industries and, inevitably, the first state monopoly. The stuff that makes our food tasty has struck wars, trade conflicts, riots and covenants between warlords, kings, countries, rulers and even God.

SALT
SALT

    “With all thine offerings, thou shalt offer salt,” says Leviticus in the Old Testament. As it is used as a preservative, salt became a token of permanence to the Jews.  It turned out to be an eternal covenant between God and Israel.  Salt has a long run bloody pathway in terms of its evolution.  

    My memory with Indian History and Salt travel back to the lessons we learnt about the Dandi March and the Vedharanyam Uppu Sathyagraha Porattam (struggle for Salt).  It was one incident which turned the course of India’s history.

    Well, currently it is just an ingredient, easily available and must-have in each and every kitchen hold.

    Salt enhances, enlivens & compliments the very essence & taste of food.  Salt intensfies & balances the flavours.  As a Tamil saying goes, "Uppilla Pandam Kuppayile," which means,  "Food without salt is worth the bin". Whether sweet or savoury, salt plays an important role in cooking. It takes dishes from just tasty to delicious, suppresses bitterness, and helps preserve food.  It dehydrates fleshy tissues, speeding up the drying process.  Salt is used in curing and pickling.  Along with it Salt has non-edible uses too, it is also used for de-icing the pavements etc.,

    In India, salt is considered as Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth & prosperity. When someone shifts to a new house, the first thing to be taken into the house is salt, followed by turmeric and water. It is considered to be auspicious, a belief followed by the locales for time immemorial.

    Technically, all salt is sea salt—even table salt, which is mined from rocks of Halite that were formed by ancient water bodies.  In spite, not all salts are the same and each salt has its own way of usage. 

    As a child, I knew just one salt - the rock like salt cystals which were then commonly used in almost every Indian kitchen.  Here, I have come up with a few Salts I commonly use in my kitchen and also these type of salt happens to be widely used ones in Indian Cuisine.

  I have personally seen an evolution of the usage of Salt in my so far, short lifetime.   Let me put it up as a timeline through my memory lane in terms of my acquaintance with this humble and equally precious mineral Salt.

Sea Salt

SALT
SEA SALT

 

    During my childhood, in late 70s & early 80s, there were vendors who used to sell Salts in push carts.  The most common Salt variety then - Kal Uppu or the Rock Salt or the Sea Salt Crystals.  We could even see the grocery shops displaying them in a big sack in front of the store.  Then not many had the awareness of table salt or not many used it in regular basis in their kitchen.

    During our trip to Tuticorin (Thoothukudi), in my early age, I was literally fascinated to see huge Salt beds or salt pans colloquially called Uppalam. Where salt is harvested from Seawater.  The huge Salt beds with salt crystals glistened in the hot temperature, and I wondered how the men toiled around in that hot sun.  I was even told that they would have blisters in their hands and legs as they walk through the Salt pans to collect the Salt.  Though Salt, the Crystals tend to cut through their skin while harvesting them.

    Sea Salt or the Rock Salt are harvested from evaporated seawater, sea salt can be either very salty or lightly salty, depending on where it's harvested & depending upon the type of minerals found in that particular area. Sea salt also contains loads of minerals, so it can have an intricate flavour.  Sea salt is unrefined, it contains more minerals like potassium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and iron.  It helps in enhancing the flavour of the dish.

    Sea salt does not dissolve easily. And also these type of Salt tends to clump/cake together easily.


Table Salt

SALT
TABLE SALT
 

    Whether you're sitting at home, in a table at your local restaurant, or in a fancy restaurant, chances are a pair of salt and pepper shakers are within reach. You can always find a Salt and Pepper Shaker on the table, which made me assume that hence these type of Salt was called Table Salt.  But I'm still not sure...

    Table Salt is the most common kind of salt used in India. It is commonly called as Iodized Salt in India.   Where unbranded Salt was a norm in Indian market, there came a trend of high-quality, vacuum -evaporated salt, more hygienic and healthy.

    The evolution of Iodized Salt found its path into Indian kitchen in late 80s and the government of India made sure that it should reach every kitchen by 1992.  The propagation and marketing of Iodized Salt which simply marked as an incredible solution to Iodine deficiency which leads to Goitre (thyroid gland issues).  The idea of adding Iodine to table salt proved remarkably easier and the best method to get rid of Iodine deficiency.  Easiest way to provide Iodine supplement is to mix it with table salt.

SALT

 

    The Doordharshan Advertisement, which showed Tata Salt as "Desh ka Namak" (Country's Salt). And even the name Table Salt got to be called as Tata Salt by Indian housewives.

    "Iodized salt," or simply the table salt, has very fine grains and contains potassium iodide and an anti-caking agent that helps prevent it from clumping. Because the anti-caking agent can give off a metallic taste when used in large quantities. Iodized salt gets easily dissolved in food.

 

 

 

Black Salt -Kala Namak 

SALT
BLACK SALT - KALA NAMAK
 
    In terms of my memory lane, black salt was one salt which I started using in my kitchen next to Sea salt & Table Salt.  The taste of certain North Indian dishes intrigued my taste buds and with multiple effort, when I couldn't achieve the very taste, the revelation through Google was good enough to make me realize there existed a type of Salt called Kala Namak or Black Salt which gave those unique taste and flavour to those dishes, especially to the Chaat Masalas, Butter Chicken, Chana Masala, Shikanji etc.,
 
    Though not a salt used in direct cooking, it is used to enhance the flavour and taste of a dish.  Kala Namak or the Black Salt is considered as a cooling agent in Ayurveda and is also used for its therapeutical uses.  They use it to heal digestive disorders, eye diseases, dental problems, stress-related illnesses, anaemia, and hysteria.
 
SALT

    Black Salt is a dark, reddish-black crystalline salt that turns a grey to pinkish colour when ground up. It has a distinct, sulphurous odour and taste.  Kala Namak has a stronger and more pungent flavour.  Also, these natural salts have a small amount of other minerals as well as a higher moisture content, so it has less sodium than processed salt.


    The Black Salt is also a product of Himalayan Rock Salt.  It is prepared by heating Halite, for several hours which develops its unique smell, along with Indian Gooseberries and Haritaki.  The heating of the salt and the combustion of plant material helps develop a deep flavour in this salt. 


Himalayan Pink Salt

SALT
HIMALAYAN PINK SALT

    Well, the latest propagation of eating healthy in every term, brought forth to the acquaintance of Himalayan Pink Salt.  As sceptical as ever, thinking too deep whether it is truly good or purely marketed, kept me from buying it, until my daughter bought a pack of Himalayan Pink Salt. 

    Later, reading about it gave me an idea about the salt and the only benefit of this particular variety is it is considered to be the most natural salt, than table salt. Himalayan salt is less artificial and does not usually contain additives.  These Himalayan Pink Salts are not refined and also do not have any anti-caking agents to prevent clumping. And it has a bold flavour.

SALT

SALT

Himalayan Pink Salt is the purest of all salt &  is harvested from the Khewra Salt Mine in the Himalayan Mountains of Pakistan. Easily recognizable because of its pink colour, Himalayan Pink Salt comes in various colours due to the presence of predominant mineral content in their natural state.  It contains all 84 natural minerals found in the human body. 

SALT
HIMALAYAN PINK SALT
    Both Himalayan Pink Salt & Black Salt are basically Himalayan Rock Salts.

 Kosher Salt

SALT
KOSHER SALT
 
    When I got to know about Kosher Salt, I was literally intrigued by this type of salt at first. I bought this salt just once as a matter of knowing what literally this Salt is.

    It is nothing but a coarse edible salt, but it got to be named in various terms in various countries & cultures.  The term Kosher Salt came to called commonly in North America, referring to its use in Jewish religious practice of dry Brining meats, known as "Koshering".

    Kosher salt has become the ubiquitous term for coarse salt.  It is flaky and has longer grains. Its texture is light but coarse, and it dissolves easily.  It does not contain any additives like iodine. And also has less sodium content.  If you are using just one salt in your pantry, then opt for kosher salt.

    The cure for anything is Salt - Sweat, Tears or the Sea, as the quotes go... A pinch of Salt and the difference it makes to a dish is what it is valued for...  But too much of it can literally damage your health.  Sodium is necessary in small quantities and conciously consuming low sodium diet can keep us healthy.


ALOO KULCHA
AMRITSARI ALOO KULCHA

      Kulcha is a popular Indian flat bread specifically from North India, It's a typical Punjabi recipe. The whole credit for this Indian bread goes to the city of Amritsar, where Amritsari Chole Bature and Naans are famous for.   It is famous in Pakistan and Kashmir too. Also, it is the most sought Indian bread next to Naan. 

     As such, Aloo Kulcha takes a special place in Indian Breads, as these popular Punjabi flatbreads are stuffed with spicy Potato Mix. These Aloo Masala is cooked in a traditional Punjabi style with Anardaana Powder, Carom Seeds, Amchur Powder, Coriander Seeds, Red Chilli Powder etc.,

     These soft textured & fluffy Kulchas are very easy to prepare.  Kulchas can be made in a Tandoor or on a griddle. It can also be baked in an Electric Oven.  Kulcha is quite similar to Naan, but from what I know, the difference between the both is that yeast is not used in Kulchas, unlike Naan. Curd, Soda-bi-carbonate and Baking powder does the leavening job for Kulchas.  It is usually served with Amritsari Chole.
 
     Traditionally, Kulchas are cooked in a Tandoor.  They give the perfect texture and flavour to the bread.  But these Kulchas can also be cooked on a griddle as we do for Chapatis or can be cooked on direct flame, or they can even be baked in an Oven.  I have given all the three methods here.
 
ALOO KULCHA
AMRITSARI ALOO KULCHA

Amritsari Aloo Kulcha is traditionally served with

  • Punjabi Chole/Amritsari Chole
  • Onion Tamarind (Pyaaz Imli Ki Chutney)
  • Sliced Onions with a wedge of Lime.

Can also serve it with any other Vegetarian or Non-Vegetarian Curry of your choice.

For traditional KULCHA RECIPE, Click here...

Cuisine : North Indian (Punjabi & Kashmiri); Pakistan
Course : Main Course
Difficulty : Medium
Serves : 4
Yields : 12 Kulchas
Author : SM

Preparation Time : 15–20 Minutes
Leavening Time : 3–4 Hours
Cooking Time : 20 - 30 Minutes

For more INDIAN BREAD RECIPES, Click here...

 

HOW TO COOK AMRITSARI ALOO KULCHA

ALOO KULCHA
AMRITSARI ALOO KULCHA

INGREDIENTS:

For Kulcha:

All Purpose Flour/Maida  -  3 Cups
Milk/ Water -  1 Cup
Curd  -  2 Tablespoons
Baking Powder  -  1 Teaspoon
Cooking Soda / Sodium-bi-carbonate  -  1/2 Teaspoon
Sugar  -  3 Teaspoons
Salt -  To Taste
Oil  -  3 - 4 Tablespoons

For the Stuffing:

Potatoes - 3-4 No's.
Onion - 1 No.
Green Chillies - 1-2 No's.
Carom Seeds - 1 Teaspoon
Red Chilli Powder - 1/2 Teaspoon
Crushed Coriander Seeds - 1 Teaspoon 
Roasted Cumin Powder - 1/2 Teaspoon
Garam Masala - 1/2 Teaspoon
Dry Mango Powder(Amchur) - 2 Teaspoons
Anardhaana Powder - 1 Teaspoon
Coriander Leaves/Spring Onions - Few.
Kasuri Methi - a Few teaspoons 
Black Salt - 1 Teaspoon
Salt - To Taste

 

For Garnishing:

Kalonji - 2–3 Teaspoons (Optional)
Butter - 3 Teaspoons
Coriander leaves /Kasoori Methi -  a Few

Method:

To Knead the Kulcha Dough:

  • Sieve All Purpose flour along with salt, Baking Powder and Cooking Soda once.
  • Add Sugar to the flour and mix well.
  • Make a well in the centre and pour the curd into it.
  • Knead it into a pliable dough using enough milk.
  • Finally, add oil and knead again for about 7–8 minutes.
  • Cover it with a wet cloth and leave it aside for 3–4 hours.
  • Before rolling them, knead it again.
  • Divide the dough into 10-12 medium-sized balls and keep it aside.

For the Stuffing:

  • Boil the Potatoes, peel and mash them.
  • Add all the ingredients mentioned under "For the Stuffing" and mix well.
  • Sprinkle Amchur Powder, Kasuri Methi and finely chopped Coriander Leaves/Spring Onions and mix well.
  • Finally, add finely chopped Onions and Green Chillies.
  • Divide the Potato Stuffing into 10-12 medium-sized balls and keep them aside.

ALOO KULCHA
AMRITSARI ALOO KULCHA

For Aloo Kulcha:

  • Roll the dough balls into thin circles.
  • Place a little Potato Stuffing at the centre.
  • Bring the sides of the dough together and seal them tightly with your fingers, shaping them into a ball.
  • Dust some flour and roll the dough with Potato Stuffing into a Circle.
  • Then cook Aloo Kulcha in a suitable way.

Cooking them on a Griddle: 

* On Direct Flame:

  • Heat the griddle.
  • Roll Aloo Kulchas into a round or an oval shape.
  • Smear oil/butter over one side of the Aloo Kulcha and roll it once again. 
  • Brush a little bit of water over one side of the Aloo Kulcha and press them to the griddle.
  • Invert the griddle and cook one side of the Aloo Kulcha over a direct flame to give it a tandoor like texture and flavour. 
  • Flip it and then brush water over the other side of Aloo Kulcha and spread the garnish over it.
  • Then cook the other side of the Aloo Kulcha.
  • Follow the suit for the rest of the Kulchas.

* Over a Griddle: 

  • Heat the griddle.
  • Roll Aloo Kulchas into a round or an oval shape.
  • Smear oil/butter over one side of the Aloo Kulcha and roll it once again. 
  • Brush a little bit of water over one side of the Aloo Kulcha and sprinkle the garnishes over it.
  • Placed the rolled Aloo Kulcha over the griddle.  Let the flame be at the high.
  • Wait until the bubbles start to form over the Kulchas.
  • Now lower the flame, flip and cook the other side of Kulcha. (the side with garnish) for a few minutes. 
  • Follow the suit for the rest of the Kulchas. 

Baking them in an Oven:

  • Preheat the oven to 180 Degree Celsius.
  • Place the rolled Aloo Kulchas on the baking tray. 
  • Bake them in the preheated oven for about 4–5 minutes. 
  • Flip them and bake them again for about 3–5 minutes. 
  • Remove them from oven and then brush butter over it.

NOTES:

  • Sifting the dry ingredients once makes the flour lighter and combines all ingredients evenly.
  • This also makes a soft, pliable dough.
  • Can use water or milk to knead the dough.
  • Mash the potatoes without any lumps.
  • If the Potato stuffing is prepared without lumps and large pieces, the Kulchas will not break while rolling.
  • Can Substitute Amchur (Dry Mango Powder) with Lemon Juice.
  • Chop Onions and Green Chillies as finely as possible.
  • Can avoid adding Green Chillies too.
  • Using the ingredients mentioned under 'For Garnishing' is totally optional.
  • Iron griddles work best to make this Kulchas. 
  • Smear some fresh butter over hot Aloo Kulchas before serving. 





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Essence of Life - Food is all about daily cooking with a simple sense of taste and health. It is all about food. Not a day goes by without eating for most of us, so what we eat matters on the whole. Food in the mode of goodness increases the duration of life, purifies one's existence, and gives strength, health, happiness, and satisfaction. Above all ingredients, the most vital one in my kitchen is love.

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